An ancient city that was part of the Mitanni, Hittite, and Neo-Assyrian Empires (Kargamiš in Hittite; commonly Carchemish). The site was occupied as early as the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods; evidence for Early Bronzr Age cist tombs begins ca. 2400 BC. A famous battle, attested in the Bible, was fought at the site in 605 BC between the Babylonian army under Nebuchadnezzar II and that of the Egyptian Pharaoh Necho II.